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Table 2 Summary of printer technologies, average cost, print time, post-processing time, print layer thickness and available materials for printing one side of the anterior circulation, similar to as shown in Fig. 2b

From: Intracranial vasculature 3D printing: review of techniques and manufacturing processes to inform clinical practice

Printer

Cost

Print Time (hr:min)

Post process Time (min)

Print Layer (mm)

Material for calculated cost

Other materials

Details

Material extrusion (FDM): Ultimaker

$26.98

42:39

24 Hours

0.06

Tough PLA and PVA

ABS, CPE, TPU, PVA, Nylon, PETG, Ryno, PET, HIPS

Dual material printer. Values given for highest resolution setting

Material extrusion (FDM): Prusa

$32.66

29:40

24 Hours

0.15

Tough PLA and PVA

ABS, CPE, TPU, PVA, Nylon, PETG, Ryno, PET, HIPS

May use four colors and a support. Values given for highest resolution setting

Vat polymerization (DLP): Newpro

$10.11

2:57

6 Hours

0.1

RG35

Veriguide OS, and Red Elastic

Single material printer

Vat polymerization (SLA): Formlabs

$7.52

15:52

6 h

0.05

Clear

White, Flexible, Elastic, Dental SG, Surgical guide, Denture LP, OP, RP, DP, Denture A1, A2, A3, A3.5, B1, B2

Single material cartridge

Powder bed fusion (SLS): HP

$80.00

7:57

45 Minutes

0.08

Nylon12, CYMK agents, fusing agent, detailing agent, and brightening agent

 

Uses all elements to color and strengthen the parts

Material jetting: Objet

$ 88.95

10:00

24 Hours

0.3

Vero Whiteplus and support 705

Vero Clear, Vero Agilus, Vero Cyan, Vero Magenta, Vero Yellow

May use three colors and a support

Binder jetting: Projet

$41.16

3:03

5 Hours

0.1

CYMK Agents, Core (Gypsum Powder), cleaning

Cyanoacrylate

Uses all elements to color and strengthen the part

  1. FDM Fused deposition modeling, DLP Digital light processing, SLA Stereolithography, SLS Selective Laser Sintering, PLA Polysctic acid, ABS Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, PVA Polyvinyl alcohol, PETG Glycolized polyester, PET Polyethylene terephthalate, CPE Co-polyester, TPU Thermoplastic polyurethane, HIPS High impact polystyrene