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Table 1 Appropriateness Ratings for Adult Cardiac Indications

From: Clinical situations for which 3D printing is considered an appropriate representation or extension of data contained in a medical imaging examination: adult cardiac conditions

Clinical Condition

Rating

References

Cardiac Fundamentals

 Cardiovascular Pathology

1

-

 Cardiovascular Physiology

4

[20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27]

 Electrocardiography

1

-

 Cardiac Resuscitation

1

-

Perioperative and Intraoperative Care

 Extracorporeal Circulation

2

[21]

Coronary Disease and Ischemic Heart Disease

 Coronary Artery Disease and Myocardial Infarction

7

[22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32]

 Coronary Artery Fistula

5

[33,34,35]

 Coronary Artery Aneurysm

5

[36]

 Coronary Artery Bypass

3

-

 Post-Surgical Infarction

1

-

 Atherosclerosis

4

-

 Chest pain, angina

1

-

Complications of myocardial Infarction

 Left ventricular aneurysm

6

-

 Post infarct ventricular septal defect

7

[37]

 Myocardial rupture, acute

1

-

 Myocardial rupture, chronic

4

-

 Left ventricle pseudoaneurysm

5

[38]

Aortic Valve Disease

 Transcatheter aortic valve replacement

9

[20, 39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59]

 Surgical Aortic valve replacement

5

[60,61,62]

Mitral Valve Disease

 Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement

9

[63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81]

 Surgical Mitral Valve Replacement

7

[82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89]

Tricuspid Valve Disease

 Tricuspid valve repair/replacement

7

[90,91,92,93,94,95]

Pulmonic Valve Disease

 Pulmonary valve repair/replacement

7

[96,97,98]

Cardiac Arrhythmias

 Cardiac Arrhythmia/atrial fibrillation

6

[99, 100]

 Cardiac Pacing

6

[101, 102]

Cardiac Neoplasm

 Cardiac Tumors

7

[103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110]

Cardiac Transplant and Mechanical Circulatory Support

 Cardiac transplant

7

[111]

 Left Ventricular Assist device

7

[112,113,114]

 Total Artificial Heart

3

-

Heart Failure

 Heart Failure

2

-

Preventative Cardiology

 Blood pressure disorders (hypertension, hypotension)

1

-

 Left atrial appendage occlusion

9

[115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,123,124,125,126,127,128,129,130,131,132]

Cardiac and Pericardial Disease

 Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

9

[133,134,135,136,137,138,139,140,141,142,143]

 Dilated and restrictive cardiomyopathy

5

-

 Infectious and inflammatory conditions of the heart

3

-

 Pericardial Disease

4

-

Cardiac Trauma

 Cardiac trauma

1

-

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3D Printing in Medicine

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