Table 5 3D printer settings used in this study

(a) Creality LD-002R

Consumer SLA

50 µm

-

-

-

None

(b) Prusa i3 Mk3S

Consumer FDM

PLA

50 µm

215 ^∘C

350–450 µm

30 mm/s

-

(c) Prusa i3 Mk3S

Consumer FDM

PLA

100 µm

215 ^∘C

350–450 µm

30 mm/s

-

(d) Prusa i3 Mk3S

Consumer FDM

PLA

200 µm

215 ^∘C

350–450 µm

30 mm/s

-

(e) Stratasys uPrint

Professional FDM

ABS

254 µm

310 ^∘C

508 µm

Variable, typ. 60 mm/s

-

(f) Stratasys Connex500

Professional PolyJet

Vero White Plus acrylate photopolymer

32 µm

-

-

-

None

(g) Markforged Mark Two

Professional FDM

Nylon-Carbon Fibre Composite

100 µm

275 ^∘C

400 µm

Variable, max. 280 mm/s

-

(h) Formlabs Form 2

Prosumer SLA

Surgical Guide Resin

50 µm

-

-

-

10 ^∘angle, 1.0 mm density, 0.8 mm tip size