Fig. 3

A Load-Displacement curve for linear compression test of trabecular bone phantom. The platen starts with an initial displacement of 1 mm above the phantom. Approximately 50-300 N of preload is first applied to the phantom, and then the phantom is compressed until a maximum load of 11 kN is reached. The phantom has the potential to fracture near 11 kN. Once this maximum load is reached, the platen relaxes and returns to its original displacement of 1 mm above the phantom. The linear elastic region of the load-displacement curve is isolated, which is marked in red. The slope of this region is used to estimate the mechanical stiffness of the phantom. B A bone phantom during preload. C The bone phantom during compression