Table 3 Basic 3D-printing technologies, printing technologies as named by manufacturer of device and description for each of them
From: Quality assurance of 3D-printed patient specific anatomical models: a systematic review
Basic technology | Printing technology as described in publication or by manufacturer | Description |
|---|---|---|
curing of liquid photopolymers | Multi jet printing (MJP) / Polyjet printing(PJP) | A photocurable polymer is released by a printhead and is directly cured afterwards by UV light. |
Digital light processing (DLP) | A build plate inside a tank filled with liquid resin is exposed with UV light from underneath. Each exposure adds a whole layer to the built plate. The buid plate moves upwards after every light exposure. | |
Stereolithography (SLA)/Scan, Spin and Selectively Photocuring | Mirrors redirect a laser beam through a tank filled with a photocurable liquid resin. | |
Lubricant sublayer photo curing | A build plate inside a tank filled with liquid resin is exposed with UV light from underneath. Each exposure adds a whole layer to the build plate. The buid plate moves upwards after every light exposure. A lubricant is added to prevent the printed part from sticking to the membrane between the part and projector. | |
Liquid-crystal display printing (LCD) | A build plate inside a tank filled with liquid resin is exposed with UV light from underneath. Areas which should not polymerize are covered from the curing light by a LCD screen. | |
Continuous liquid interface production (CLIP) | A build plate inside a tank filled with liquid resin is exposed constantly with UV light from underneath and constantly moving upwards. An oxygen permeable membrane prevents the printed parts from sticking to the bottom of the tank. | |
extrusion of tough masses through nozzle | Fused deposition modeling (FDM) / fused filament fabrication (FFF) | A filament of a thermoplastic polymer is extruded through a hot nozzle. |
melting/sintering/ binding of powder | Selective laser sintering (SLS) | A powder is spread layer by layer and sintered by a laser. |
Selective laser melting (SLM) | A metal powder is spread layer by layer and melted by a laser. | |
| Â | Color jet printing (CJP) | Powder is spread layer by layer and (colored) binder is added through the printhead. |